Thursday 6 December 2012

An Aesthetic of Violence and Hunger [Antonio Das Mortes (1969)]

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Dir. Glauber Rocha
Brazil-France-West Germany
Aka. O Dragão da Maldade contra o Santo Guerreiro

The disparity between a nation’s cinema and the amounts of films that are available outside the country is significant with the Brazilian director Glauber Rocha, whose filmography on purchasable disc is only three films available from the company Mr. Bongo; this is problematic in that, despite my little knowledge of Rocha, what knowledge of him I know of is that of a very important director in Brazilian cinema and Latin American cinema in general. Founder of the Cinema Novo movement in the continent, Rocha also wrote a very important manifesto on the Aesthetics of Hunger, calling on film directors in third world countries to draw from their plight – poverty, government corruption etc. – and channel it into left wing political cinema that could spark revolutions. In the vast numbers of Latin American cinema of the 1960s and 1970s that is waiting for me to see then, within a period of political strife during these decades for countries like Chile and Brazil, Rocha looks to be one of the most important directors of the continent, making the lack of access to his films even more disparaging. Antonio Das Mortes can be said to be a sequel to Black God White Devil (1964), in which the titular Das Mortes was introduced as a secondary character, a bounty hunter who targets Cangaceiros, ‘mythical’ bandits who fought for the people. Played by the same actor Mauricio do Valle, the film gains a lot from being a continuation but can be viewed by itself, and it takes the character on a very different path to before.


From http://s3.amazonaws.com/auteurs_production/images/film/antonio-das-mortes/w448/antonio-das-mortes.jpg?1309012930

Set decades after Das Mortes has killed the last Cangaceiro, he is an older, less confident man, filled with regret and yet also left without a purpose. When he is called upon to deal with a leader claiming to be a Cangaceiro, it gives Das Mortes new purpose, but it leads to him taking a drastic turn in his life from what he has done before. The film sounds like a Brazilian western in plot, which it pretty much is, but it is something far more drastic in tone from genre. Not only is the film set in a more modern day environment, the older myths being crushed under modernisation and completely losing the battle long before the film’s narrative, but the film is definitely a political manifesto onscreen. It is very unconventional in tone, willing for three quarters of its length to have prolonged scenes of characters talking to each other and straight to the camera directly, interlaced with overlapping dialogue over visuals and folk music, the Western driven plot dissected for the purposes of Rocha’s ideas as Das Mortes’ alliances drastically change. It is very much its own film and completely unique to itself, its dialogue and literary subtext combining the fantastical with politics and reminding me of William Blake’s more political and visionary writings. The growing intensity of the film, intercut with scenes of violence, eventually grows into a finale that is a barrage of merciless death, the only way tyranny can be overruled, genre and political revolution as a cacophony of gun fire and blood that is brief and startling, with a humorous and lyrical guitar song played over the screams that makes it an event already immortalised during its length. The use of music is exceptionally important for Antonio Das Mortes, the sense of ordinary people within the narrative being able to speak through songs, emphasised by the continuous singing that commands the soundtrack at one point and drowns out the voice and gunfire of the capitalist landowner and his henchmen. The music breaths life through the film while giving it an even more mythical tone alongside its symbolism.

From http://www.theoneonefour.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Antonio-das-Mortes_still1.jpg

The final film needs to be adapted to, but by its end it is startling in its effect, the violence and rage of the content emphased by its messy yet very considered structure, its deep 1960s colours almost making it look like the paintings that bookend the entire film. The use of mythology with political fury is clearly biased, with no regard for balance, but made in a period that could only get worse when a dictatorship took over Brazil, forcing Rocha to leave the country in exile, it is a creation of strife and the desire to change the world when it was drastically needed. As the man who wrote a manifesto of channelling one’s anger into one’s cinema, Rocha made a furious film that is effecting even if it loses you at first with its unconventional tone. Pretty much like most world cinema once you start to dig deeper into it, it will break down your views on what ‘cinema’ should feel and be like, and the lack of Rocha’s films in terms of availability is even worse when I consider that Antonio Das Mortes, with its desolate ending, encourages one to continue through the director’s filmography, a vast one even if he tragically passed in his forties that is out of hand’s reach.

From http://cf2.imgobject.com/t/p/original/voOUcsIgQQYPlLvIDPKeSJ0CT3h.jpg

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